Cervical Disc Herniation

What is Cervical Disc Herniation?
Cervical disc herniation occurs when a disc in the neck (cervical spine) ruptures or bulges, putting pressure on nearby nerves. This can lead to pain, numbness, and weakness in the neck, shoulders, arms, and hands.

Causes:

  • Age-related disc degeneration

  • Sudden injury or trauma

  • Repetitive strain on the neck

  • Poor posture or prolonged screen use

  • Heavy lifting or improper body mechanics

Symptoms:

  • Neck pain or stiffness

  • Pain radiating to the shoulders, arms, or hands

  • Numbness or tingling in the arms, hands, or fingers

  • Weakness in the arms or hands

  • Increased pain with certain movements, such as turning the head

Diagnosis:
A healthcare provider may diagnose cervical disc herniation using:

  • Medical history and physical examination

  • Imaging tests such as MRI, CT scan, or X-rays

  • Nerve conduction studies or electromyography (EMG)

Treatment Options:

  1. Conservative (Non-Surgical) Treatments:

    • Rest and activity modification

    • Physical therapy to improve strength and flexibility

    • Pain relievers and anti-inflammatory medications

    • Epidural steroid injections to reduce inflammation

  2. Surgical Treatments:

    • If conservative treatments do not provide relief, surgery may be considered.

    • Common procedures include anterior cervical disc replacement, anterior cervical discectomy and fusion, and posterior cervical foraminotomy/discectomy.

Self-Care & Prevention:

  • Maintain good posture and ergonomics

  • Engage in regular neck and shoulder exercises

  • Avoid prolonged screen time or use ergonomic devices

  • Practice safe lifting techniques

When to See a Doctor:

  • Severe or worsening pain despite treatment

  • Weakness, numbness, or tingling in the arms or hands

  • Loss of bladder or bowel control (seek emergency care)