Cervical Myelopathy

What is Cervical Myelopathy?
Cervical myelopathy is a condition caused by compression of the spinal cord in the neck (cervical spine). This can result in problems with movement, coordination, and sensation in the arms and legs.

Causes:

  • Degenerative changes due to aging (spondylosis)

  • Herniated discs

  • Bone spurs

  • Rheumatoid arthritis

  • Spinal injuries or trauma

  • Congenital narrowing of the spinal canal

Symptoms:

  • Neck pain or stiffness

  • Weakness in the arms, hands, or legs

  • Numbness or tingling in the arms and hands

  • Difficulty with fine motor skills (buttoning shirts, writing)

  • Problems with balance and walking

  • Bowel or bladder dysfunction (in severe cases)

Diagnosis:
A healthcare provider may diagnose cervical myelopathy using:

  • Medical history and physical examination

  • Imaging tests such as MRI, CT scan, or X-rays

  • Electromyography (EMG) or nerve conduction studies

Treatment Options:

  1. Conservative (Non-Surgical) Treatments:

    • Physical therapy to improve strength and flexibility

    • Medications such as anti-inflammatory drugs or pain relievers

    • Cervical collars to limit movement and provide support

  2. Surgical Treatments:

    • If symptoms worsen or conservative treatments do not help, surgery may be recommended.

    • Common procedures include decompression surgery (removing structures pressing on the spinal cord) or spinal fusion (joining vertebrae for stability).

Self-Care & Prevention:

  • Maintain good posture

  • Engage in regular exercise, including stretching and strengthening

  • Use ergonomic equipment for work and daily activities

  • Avoid activities that strain the neck

When to See a Doctor:

  • Persistent or worsening symptoms

  • Difficulty walking or loss of balance

  • Weakness or numbness affecting daily activities

  • Loss of bladder or bowel control (seek emergency care)